Engineers at MIT have devised an ingenious new technique to produce synthetic muscle tissue for smooth robots that may flex in multiple course, just like the advanced muscle tissue within the human physique.
The group leveraged 3D printing and muscle cells derived from people and mice to develop a man-made construction that pulls concentrically and radially, just like how the human iris dilates and constricts the pupil.
The researchers are calling this technique ‘stamping,’ as a result of it entails 3D printing a stamp patterned with microscopic grooves solely giant sufficient to every home a person cell. Apparently, it was impressed by the best way Jell-O molds form gelatinous desserts.
Subsequent, they pressed the stamp right into a hydrogel – an artificial equal of organic tissue that supplied a versatile, water-containing matrix for actual cells.
Ritu Raman et al / MIT
These hydrogel-laden grooves have been then seeded with actual muscle cells that have been genetically engineered to reply to mild. They grew alongside these grooves into fibers over the course of a day, and subsequently right into a muscle roughly the identical measurement as a human iris.
The researchers then stimulated this synthetic muscle with pulses of sunshine, and it contracted in a number of instructions similar to an actual human iris.
“On this work, we needed to point out we are able to use this stamp method to make a ‘robotic’ that may do issues that earlier muscle-powered robots can’t do,” defined Ritu Raman, who co-authored the paper describing this technique that appeared final week in Biomaterials Science.
This might unlock new capabilities in smooth robots, which function extra mechanically as a result of they’re fitted with rigid elements. “As an alternative of utilizing inflexible actuators which are typical in underwater robots, if we are able to use smooth organic robots, we are able to navigate and be rather more energy-efficient, whereas additionally being fully biodegradable and sustainable,” Raman famous.
The stamping technique is notable not solely due to what it permits, but in addition as a result of it is cost-effective and simply accessible. The MIT group used high-end precision 3D printers on the college for this work, however Raman says equally intricate stamps may very well be produced utilizing consumer-grade printers as effectively. The stamps can be cleaned and reused to create extra synthetic muscle tissue.
The researchers plan to strive stamping with different cell varieties, and take a look at different muscle tissue they’ll replicate for a wide range of robotic capabilities.
I am eager to see how that is used to develop extra superior smooth robots within the close to future. Earlier this 12 months, we noticed Cornell College researchers give you ‘robotic blood’ – a Redox Stream Battery system that may be embedded in robots with out the necessity for inflexible constructions. Between these two improvements, we’re inching nearer to creating robots that may squeeze into tight spots and examine leaky undersea pipes, or conduct difficult search-and-rescue operations.
Supply: MIT Information